Osteosarcoma Causes And Risk Factors

Osteosarcoma Causes And Risk Factors – Bone cancer is a serious and life-threatening type of cancer, and the symptoms of bone cancer usually extend not only to the bone but also to the blood. It is a chronic disease that requires long-term treatment.

When tissue cells divide abnormally and randomly in a specific location, they form a mass called a tumor. Bone tumors arise at the expense of bone-forming cells and can also come from other parts of the body.

Osteosarcoma Causes And Risk Factors

As the tumor grows, it increases in size and can press on healthy tissue next to it, or it can produce hormones and chemicals that cause various symptoms of bone cancer.

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Not all tumors are cancer. There are two types of tumors; First are benign tumors, which are the most common and are characterized by their inability to spread or metastasize and are not life-threatening or cause serious problems, but they are still rare tissues because they need to be removed before they can grow into large size is often removed. Which causes the classic symptoms of bone cancer.

Another type of tumor is malignant tumors or cancer and can spread to more than one tissue and cause severe symptoms and require a lot of time and effort to treat.

Healthy bones of the body bear weight without any problems and also resist external influences by separating the hardness of the outer layer called compact bone and this layer is surrounded by fibrous tissue called periosteum and then spongy bone. It is a layer of bone. , which may contain a medullary cavity filled with soft and brittle bone marrow.

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A child’s bones are soft at birth and consist entirely of cartilage, after which ossification occurs naturally as the child grows, and cartilage is primarily found in the joints and ends of the ribs after puberty. , apart from some specialized structures such as the nose. , ears and throat.

The marrow also contains many types of cells such as fat cells and hematopoietic cells, all of which can cause cancer and cause symptoms.

As mentioned earlier, this type of tumor starts in the bones and is known as osteosarcoma, and there are several types, including:

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Many types of benign inflammation have also been found to occur in or near bones and do not cause worrisome and serious symptoms of bone cancer, including:

These lesions usually cause mild symptoms of bone cancer and some of them are visible in the early stages, so the patient feels mild pain and swelling in the affected bones and the tumor is likely to show no signs until it grows to a larger size. And symptoms may not be visible. ,

What is the relationship between bone cancer and leukemia? In fact, the production of blood cells begins in the bone marrow, which is located in the medullary canals of the bones. As a result, a person suffering from leukemia often continues to suffer from bone cancer symptoms for some time, such as osteoporosis, persistent pain, and the possibility of fractures.

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Cancer that starts in a specific area of ​​the body, such as internal organs, glands, etc., and then spreads beyond the affected area until it reaches other organs, such as bones, is called metastasis. Approximately 50% of malignant cancers that occur outside the bone metastasize to the bone.

With improvements in treatment methods for many types of cancer such as breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer and others, the chances of this disease spreading to other sites and causing symptoms of bone cancer have increased since these cases have been less common in the past. The patients died early. Before metastases develop.

There are no clear and direct causes for the occurrence of cancer, as it is a multifactorial disease, which means that many indirect causes contribute to the occurrence of cancer and are called risk factors.

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Scientists have discovered that certain changes in the DNA of bone cells lead to the development of cancer with specific genes:

Risk factors increase the incidence of cancer, and while different types of cancer may have different risk factors, cancer risk factors are not completely known.

The symptoms of bone cancer vary from cancer to cancer, so we will discuss here in the simplest way and how they can be distinguished, especially those that occur at the expense of the bone cells themselves.

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Sometimes the symptoms of bone cancer do not have obvious symptoms that the patient notices, especially in the early stages, and doctors can diagnose the disease with specific symptoms that vary from one patient to another.

In the advanced stage, the pain worsens and the cancer destroys normal bone tissue, making the bones brittle and brittle.

It is possible to notice the symptoms of bone cancer when another disease is present, such as bone pain in leukemia and vice versa, as some bone cancers cause specific symptoms such as anemia, swelling of the limbs and lameness when walking.

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The average cure rate for localized cancer is 90%, and for metastatic cancer, the cure rate ranges from 75% to 23%.

Five-year survival after diagnosis is .8, which means that about two-thirds of patients live beyond five years, and some of them live normally.

It is difficult to predict the onset of cancer without obvious symptoms and risk factors such as age and genetic diseases that cannot be changed, so there is no effective way to prevent bone cancer. Bone cancer is one of many different cancers that can develop in the bones. Cancer that starts in the bones is called primary bone cancer. Tumors that start in organs or other parts of the body can also spread to the bones. Treatment includes surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy.

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Bone cancer is a term used to cover several different cancers that develop in the bones. When cancer cells grow in the bones, it can damage normal bone tissue. The type of cell and tissue where the cancer starts determines the type of bone cancer.

Cancer that develops in the bone itself is called primary bone cancer. Many tumors that start in organs or other parts of the body can spread to the bones as well as other parts of the body. These growths are called secondary bone cancer or metastatic bone cancer. Tumors in the breast, prostate, and lungs usually metastasize (spread) to the bones.

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Bone cancer is rare. They account for less than 1% of cancers in the United States. Although these can develop at any age, they are more common in children, adolescents, and young adults than in older adults.

It depends on the type of bone cancer you have. There are four types of primary bone cancer:

Yes, but it is not common. However, people with benign bone tumors may need treatment to reduce the risk of other problems such as weak bones, joint problems and the destruction of healthy bone tissue.

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Staging depends on the size and location of the tumor and whether the cancer has spread to other areas. Primary bone cancer is classified into four stages:

Some people with bone cancer have no symptoms other than a painless lump. Others may experience various symptoms. These symptoms can also be caused by other conditions, such as arthritis or Lyme disease, which can delay diagnosis. The most common symptoms of bone cancer are:

Experts are not sure what causes bone cancer, but they have found links between bone cancer and other factors. The most important part of treatment for other cancers is exposure to radiation or drugs. Some bone cancers are caused by diseases that run in families (hereditary), although this is usually not the case.

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To diagnose bone cancer, your healthcare provider will often first use an X-ray to view images of your bones. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT (computed tomography) scans provide more detailed images of the areas around the bones and are usually taken before treatment.

To confirm the diagnosis, your healthcare provider will perform a biopsy, in which a small piece of tissue is removed from the bone to be examined under a microscope. A biopsy provides specific information about the cancer, including where it has formed. Having this information helps providers know which treatment will work best for a particular cancer.

Treatment for bone cancer depends on the type of cancer, whether it has spread, and if so, where. People with bone cancer often work with a team of health care providers to treat the disease. This group includes doctors who specialize in cancer (oncologists and radiation oncologists) and doctors who specialize in bones and joints (orthopedic surgeons).

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Treatment for bone cancer usually involves a combination of methods. The type and length of these treatments vary depending on several factors, including the type of bone cancer, the size of the tumor, and whether it has spread to other parts of the body. The most common treatments are:

Since experts do not know exactly what causes bone cancer, there is no known way to prevent it. and because radiotherapy (other)

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